Exodus 34-Commandments Rewritten


The Tablets are Replaced

1 And the I AM said to Moses, "Carve out two tablets of stone just like the first ones,  and I will write on these tablets the words that were in the first tablets, which thou broke." 

Moses broke the first two tablets God wrote on. Now they need replacing.

2 "And come up in the morning to Mountain Sinai, and present thyself there to Me on the top of the mountain. 

3 "And no one will come up with thee, neither let anyone be seen throughout all the mountain, neither let the flocks nor herds feed near that mountain."

This time Moses is to go up alone.

4 And he carved two tablets of stone just like the first two, and Moses got up early in the morning, and went up to Mountain Sinai, as the I AM had commanded him, and took with him the two tablets of stone. 

5 And the I AM descended in the cloud, and stood with him there, and proclaimed the name of the I AM. 

6 And the I AM passed by before him, and proclaimed, "The I AM, The I AM God, merciful and gracious, patient, and abundant in goodness and truth,  

7 "Keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, and that will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, and upon the grandchildren, to the third and to the fourth generation."

God is listing His virtues.

8 And Moses hurried, and bowed his head toward the earth, and worshiped. 

9 And he said, "If now I have found grace in thy sight, O I AM, let my I AM, I pray thee, go among us, because they are a stubborn people, and forgive our iniquity and our sin, and take us for thine inheritance."

"God, please don't abandon us, though we deserve it."

Deuteronomy 10,1-11
1 At that time the I AM said to me, "Carve thee out two tablets of stone just like the first two, and come up to Me on the mountain, and make thee a box of wood.  

2 "And I will write on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets which thou broke, and thou will put them in the box."

God promised to rewrite the same words He had carved into the first set of tablets.

3 And I made a box of cedar wood, and carved out two tablets of stone just like the first two, and went up on the mountain, having the two tablets in my hand.  

4 And He wrote on the tablets, exactly like the first time, the ten commandments, which the I AM spoke to you in the mountain out of the middle of the fire in the day of the assembly, and the I AM gave them to me.  

5 And I turned around and came down from the mountain, and put the tablets in the box which I had made, and there they are, just like the I AM commanded me.
...

10 And I stayed in the mountain, just like the first time, forty days and forty nights. The I AM listened to me at that time also, and the I AM would not destroy thee.  

11 And the I AM said to me, "Get up! Travel in front of the people, that they may go in and possess the land, which I swore to their fathers to give to them."

Exodus 34,10 And he said, "See, I will make a covenant. Before all thy people I will do marvels, such as have not been done in all the earth, nor in any nation, and all the people around thee will see the work of the I AM, for it is a fantastic thing that I will do with thee.

11 "Observe thou that which I command thee today. See, I will drive out before thee the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.  

12 "Be careful that you don’t make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land where you are going, or it will be a snare in the middle of thee,  

13 "But you will destroy their altars, break their idols, and cut down their groves.

Groves were places full of idols where pagan worship took place.  

14 "For thou will worship no other God, because the I AM, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God.  

15 "Don’t make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land because you will go a whoring after their gods, and do sacrifice to their gods, and one will invite thee, and thou will eat of his sacrifice." 

God uses the terminology of marriage to explain the level of commitment He expects from Israel.

16 "And thou marry their daughters to thy sons, and their daughters go a whoring after their gods, and make thy sons go a whoring after their gods. 

17 "Thou will make thee no molten gods."

Now God is giving general instruction about the feasts He wants them to keep.

18 “You will keep The Feast of Unyeasted Bread. For seven days thou will eat unyeasted bread, just like I commanded thee, in the time of the month Abib, because in the month Abib thou came up out of Egypt.

19 "All that is first born is mine, and every first born among thy cattle, whether ox or sheep, that is a male.  

God is claiming the firstborn of every species as His own because of the last plaque which killed all the firstborn of the Egyptians. 

20 "But the first born of a donkey thou will ransom with a lamb, and if thou don’t ransom him, then thou will break his neck. All the firstborn of thy sons thou will ransom. And none will appear before Me empty handed. 

God did not approve of human sacrifice, so He provided a substitute for the firstborn child. a lamb. 

In the same way, God provided a substitute for us. Though we all deserve to go to hell, we don't have to because God provided His Lamb- Jesus- to die instead. 

21 Six days thou will work, but on the seventh day thou will rest. In planting time and in harvest thou will rest. 

Change of subject, No matter what time of year or how much work you have to do, take one day a week off to rest. Someone who does not take time to rest and be with their family and friends is a slave to their work. God did not want the Israelites to be in slavery (thus the whole plague thing on Egypt in the first place.) So He told them to take time off to live and enjoy.

Also, the human body and mind need this time to rest. Any other rhythm that has been tried (i.e. the Soviet Union's 10-day-week) has failed.

Keeping a day of rest also forces us to take time to build family relationships, as well as friendships with our neighbors. It creates stronger communities.

Note that this was not a command to take a day to worship, but to rest.

Now, we are no longer bound by the Law. We will not go to hell for working on Saturday.

And Jesus is now our "Sabbath," our rest.

But we are wise to look at the reason God gave the commands He did and incorporate the spirit into our lives. Taking sufficient time to rest and be with our families is vitally important, whether we do it on Saturday or Tuesday. And taking time to just be with God's people is important, too, even if worship wasn't really part of this command. We need each other.

All in all, this commandment is about setting our priorities in life and realizing what is really important. Yes, we need to be responsible and work to make money and support ourselves and our families. But it is important to realize what we are working for. that ultimately, our families and friends are what is important, not money. We are not allowed to be workaholics.

22 And thou will observe The Feast of Weeks, of The Beginning of Wheat Harvest, and The Feast of Harvest Time at the year's end. 

23 Three times a year will all your men c
hildren appear before the I AM GOD, the God of Israel. 

They were to travel to Jerusalem three times a year to celebrate and worship God. This was three vacations God made them take. He is serious about not being a slave to work.

24 For I will cast out the nations before thee, and enlarge thy borders, neither will any man desire thy land, when thou will go up to appear before the I AM thy God three times a year.

God promises He will protect their property while they are away worshiping Him.

25 Thou will not offer the blood of My sacrifice with yeast. Neither will the sacrifice of The Feast of the Passover be left until the morning. 

It's a general rule throughout the Law that only yeast free bread (i.e. tortillas) is allowed with a sacrifice.

26 The first things to ripen of thy land thou will bring to the house of the I AM thy God. Thou will not boil a kid in his mother's milk. 

This second part, "Thou will not seethe a kid in his mother's milk." seems to come out of nowhere. It doesn't appear to us to belong here with the laws about sacrifices. As a result, many move it to the dietary law part of the Mosaic Law and claim we are not to eat cheeseburgers, or anything else that combines dairy with meat. Some Orthodox Jews go so far as to have two kitchens in their houses; one for dairy and one for meat.

In trying to keep the letter, we have missed the whole point of the spirit of the Law.

Pagans in ancient times would boil a newborn kid in his mother's milk and scatter that on their fields as part of a fertility ritual, begging "the gods" for a good harvest.

This command has nothing to do with dietary law, but with the prohibition of paganism. Israel was not to preform fertility rituals to beg the favor of "the gods" for the production of their fields.
 
27 Then the I AM said to Moses, "Write down all these instructions, for they represent the terms of the covenant I am making with you and with Israel."

28 And he was there with the I AM forty days and forty nights. He did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And He wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten commandments. 

Moses again fasted for forty days.

The Radiant Face of Moses

29 And it happened, when Moses came down from Mount Sinai with the two tablets of Testimony in his hand, when he came down from the mountain, that Moses didn't know that the skin of his face shone while he talked with Him.  

30 And when Aaron and all the children of Israel saw Moses, they saw that the skin of his face shone, and they were afraid to come near him.  

31 And Moses called to them, and Aaron and all the rulers of the congregation returned to him, and Moses talked with them. 

32 And afterward all the children of Israel came near, and he gave them in laws all that the I AM had spoken with him in Mount Sinai.  

33 And until Moses had finished speaking with them, he put a veil on his face.  

(2 Corinthians 3,7-18 
7 But if the administering of death, written and engraved in stones, was glorious, so that the children of Israel could not steadfastly look on the face of Moses for the glory of his countenance. which glory was to be done away, 

8 How will not the administration of the Spirit be more glorious?  

9 For if the administration of condemnation be glory, so much more does the administration of righteousness exceed in glory. 

10 For even that which was made glorious had no glory in this respect, because of the glory that excels it.  

11 For if that which is done away was glorious, that which remains is so much more glorious.)

Moses face glowed so bright people couldn't look at him after he had talked face-to-face with God. Now, if the giving of The Law that condemns men to death because they simply are not capable of keeping it will make a human's face glow, how much more glorious is the grace that Jesus gives us?

Exodus 34,34 But when Moses went in before the I AM to speak with Him, he took the veil off, until he came out. And he came out, and spoke to the children of Israel everything he was commanded. 

35 And the children of Israel saw the face of Moses, that the skin of Moses' face shone, and Moses put the veil on his face again, until he went in to speak with Him.

Moses didn't let anything come between him and God. When he talked with the Almighty, he removed the veil from his face so he could see God clearly, not hide anything from God, and be as close to His glory as possible.

In the same way, we need to remove the veils from our hearts when we speak with our God.